So i haven't actually learned to speak Lojban yet, but it's really cool. It is a constructed, or engineered, language. Originally called "Loglan" (short for "logical language") by project founder Dr. James Cooke Brown, who started the language development in 1955, it has been built over three decades by dozens of workers and hundreds of supporters, led since 1987 by The Logical Language Group. Why should you learn it?
Really, there is way too much to sum up here, in one blog post, but i promise you, if you are the creative type or the logical type (hopefully you fall into at least one of these), lojban will appeal to you more and more as you learn more about it and start to learn it yourself.
Even better, learn to write it with tengwar. Why?
- Think differently.
Learning Lojban is a mind-expanding experience. Lojban was initially designed for the purpose of supporting research on a concept known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis: "the structure of a language constrains the thinking of people using that language." Lojban allows the full expressive capability of a natural language, but differs in structure from other languages in major ways. This allows its use as a test vehicle for scientists studying the relationships between language, thought, and culture.
The hypothesis states that the structure of a language constrains and influences the culture that uses it. In other words, if concepts or structural patterns are difficult to express in a language, the society and culture using the language will tend to avoid them. Individuals might overcome this barrier, but the society as a whole will not. The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis is important and controversial: it can be used as a sociological argument to justify or to oppose racism and sexism (and a variety of other 'isms'). A simple example is the assertion that since genderless expressions in English use 'masculine' forms, English is 'sexist'. This presumes the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis to be true. Understanding the potential for Sapir-Whorf effects could lead to better inter-cultural understanding, promoting communication and peace.
Unique features of Lojban remove constraints on language in the areas of logic, ambiguity, and expressive power, opening up areas of thought that have not been easily accessible by human language before. Meanwhile, the formal rigidity of the language definition allows speakers to carefully control their expressions (and therefore perhaps their thought processes).
- Be specific.
Did you know that due to the natural language processing of English, the spoken phrase "pretty little girls school" can be interpreted in a bunch of different ways depending on the groupings of the words and interpreted meanings of them? It could be interpreted as {pretty {little {girls school}}}, {{pretty little} {girls school}}, {{pretty {little girls}} school}, and so on. Does the school look little? Do the girls look little? Do the girls look pretty? Does the school look pretty? Then you can also ask, does the word pretty mean 'beautiful' or 'fairly'? Is it the school that the girl goes to, or is it an all-girls school? Lojban can express each and every single one of these meanings without ambiguity and without circumlocution or overhead.
Lojban enables metalinguistic discussion about the sentences being spoken while remaining unambiguous. It also supports a 'tense' logic that allows extreme specificity of time and space relationships, even those implied by time travel. Lojban's grammar is designed to support unambiguous statement of mathematical expressions and relations in a manner compatible with both international usage and Lojban's non-mathematical grammar.
Lojban has an unambiguous grammar (proven by computer analysis of a formal grammar with YACC), pronunciation, and morphology (word forms). The person who reads or hears a Lojban sentence is never in doubt as to what words it contains or what roles they play in the sentence. Lojban has no words that sound alike but have different meanings (like "herd" and "heard"), that have multiple unrelated meanings ("set"), or that differ only in punctuation but not in sound (like the abominable "its" and "it's"). There is never any doubt about where words begin and end ("cargo shipment" can be heard as 2, 3, or 4 words). The function of each word is clear: there is nothing like the English "Time flies like an arrow," in which any of the first three words could be the verb. Precision in no way confines the meaning of a Lojban sentence. It is possible to speak nonsense, to tell a lie, or to be misunderstood. You can be very specific, or you can be intentionally vague. Your hearer may not understand what you meant, but will always understand what you said. - Speak to computers.
Lojban was designed as a human language, and not as a computer language. It is therefore intended for use in conversation, reading, writing, and thinking. However, since Lojban can be processed by a computer much more easily than can a natural language, Lojban-based computer applications are a natural expectation. Due to its unambiguous grammar and simple structure, it can be easily parsed (broken down for analysis) by computers, making it possible for Lojban to be used in the future for computer-human interaction, and perhaps conversation. Lojban's predicate structure is similar to existing artificial intelligence (AI), suggesting it as a powerful tool in AI processing, especially in the storing and processing of data about the world and people's conceptions of it. Linguists are interested in Lojban's potential as an intermediate language in computer-aided translation of natural languages.
Those with a computer background can lead development of the first computer applications for the language. Expertise in the language will no doubt be valuable as Lojban becomes recognized as a useful tool for computer applications by the computer industry. Computer-oriented Lojbanists can also aid in developing computer-aided instruction tools or converting existing software to run on new computers.
- It makes sense.
Lojban's pronunciation, spelling, word formation, and grammar rules are fixed, and the language is free of exceptions to these rules. Each Lojban sound is uniquely assigned to a single letter, or combination of letters. Each letter is defined to have a particular set of possible pronunciations, such that there is no overlap between letter sounds. The forms of Lojban words are also extremely regular. This, coupled with the phonology rules, allows a stream of speech to be uniquely broken down into its component words. The written language corresponds exactly to the sounds of the spoken language; spelling is phonetic and unambiguous, and the flowing sounds of the language break down into words in only one possible way. These features make computer speech recognition and transcription more practical. Learning to pronounce and spell Lojban is trivial.
Lojban is simple and sensible. Its grammar is based on the principles of logic. It's unambiguous. It's regular and phonetic. It's everything that language should be.
- Be expressive.
Lojban is a beautiful language. Lojban has a smooth, rhythmic sound, somewhat like Italian. However, its consonants create a fullness and power found in Slavic languages like Russian, and the large number of vowel pairs impart a hint of Chinese, Polynesian, and other Oriental languages, though without the tones that make many of those languages difficult for others to learn.
Original poetry has already been written in Lojban, and some has been translated into the language. Lojban's powerful 'tanru' metaphor structure allows you to build concepts into words easily, as you need them, and has been used to create colorful images and to convey moving emotions. A Lojban speaker doesn't need a dictionary to use and understand the millions of words that can potentially exist in the language. The absence of cultural constraints makes consideration of new ideas and relationships easier than in natural languages, spurring creativity. Lojban aids in communicating abstractions by identifying their nature explicitly. Lojban is thus a very powerful language, not only for poetry, but for discussing such abstract fields as philosophy, physics, metaphysics, and religion.
Lojban poets are already experimenting with new (and old) forms of poetry that seem especially well suited to the rhythm, sound, and flow of the language. Rarely do poets have such an opportunity to affect the development of a new language as they do now with Lojban. Lojban is rich and powerful. Lojban unleashes the full potential of poetic expression to communicate both concrete and abstract ideas. - It's easy.
Lojban is actually much simpler than natural languages. It is only slightly more complex in its grammar than the current generation of computer languages. Lojban seems complex only because the varieties of human thought are complex, and Lojban is designed to minimize constraints on those thoughts. Lojban text can appear longer and more complex due to its lack of idiom, its complete explicitness of logical structure, and most importantly, its unfamiliarity. On the other hand, conversational speech uses less than half of the possible grammatical structures, leaving the rest for writing and for other circumstances when one is likely to take time to carefully formulate exact logical phrasings.
Lojban is free of exceptions to the rules of pronunciation, spelling, word formation, and grammar. Such exceptions, which are present in other languages, are the bane of learning to speak a natural language correctly. Without the burden of ambiguity, Lojban users can be precise and specific more easily than in other languages.
Because Lojban's grammar is simple, it is easier to learn than other languages. Using flashcard-like techniques, a working vocabulary including the complete set of 1350 root words can take 8-12 weeks of study at 1 hour per day. It is by no means uncommon for people who embark on learning Lojban to be able to write grammatical Lojban within a few days, and to hold at least a limited conversation within a few weeks. Natural languages, especially English, take several years to learn to a comparable level of skill.
The available Lojban teaching materials are structured so that you can learn the language without classroom instruction or a close community of speakers. Communication practice with others is needed to achieve fluency, but you can start using the language as you achieve proficiency. - Have fun.
You needn't learn Lojban for any practical purpose. Many of those learning Lojban are doing so because it is fun. Learning Lojban is intellectually stimulating, and provides human interaction and mental challenge. Lojban has all the benefits of games designed for entertainment, with the added prospect of developing useful skills as a side benefit. Learning Lojban as an 'intellectual toy' means that you can get enjoyment from learning Lojban without nearly the effort needed to benefit from studying other languages. While becoming fluent in Lojban will probably take hundreds of hours over several months, you can feel some sense of accomplishment in the language after just a few hours of study. You can use Lojban immediately for fun, while gaining skill with greater experience.
Really, there is way too much to sum up here, in one blog post, but i promise you, if you are the creative type or the logical type (hopefully you fall into at least one of these), lojban will appeal to you more and more as you learn more about it and start to learn it yourself.
Even better, learn to write it with tengwar. Why?
Hi.
ReplyDeleteI agree with 5 of your 7 reasons. But IMHO:
5. Lojban is not very beautiful language. That has not been a major criterion when it was designed. I have never heard a Lojban song, but I don't think its would sound anyting as beautiful as Italy.
Yes, it may be expressive, but the phonemic set could have been easier to use. E.g. the finnish speakers has difficulties making difference with 'morji' and 'morsi'.
6. Lojban is not very easy to learn. It is true that it is easier than any natural language, but still the syntax that is implemented with the cmavo's is wide and complicated. A year is a short time to master it fluently.
I have been studing Lojban now half a year and at a same time writing a finnish introductory booklet about learning Lojban. My own motive to use lojban is around (3.): using Lojban is computer interface.
I have a finnish blog about my Lojban hobby:
http://lojban-ajattelua.blogspot.com/
. I surprise how much attempt you put to make any such excellent informative web site.
DeleteYou have never listened to a Lojban song or poetry? I am hopeful that you will reconsider your first point.
Deletehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e1Itg2ztXiQ
http://youtu.be/PiR5PwobVL8
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yXazUC11vvI
I study Ithkuil, which is not a pretty language in any respect (phonaesthetically speaking), so this is somewhat relative.
@jusa: If Lojban is easier to learn than any natural language, than what are you comparing it to when you say it isn't very easy?
ReplyDeleteAlso, if we want to make the phoneme inventory easier, we should cut down the phonemes to a subset of the Hawaiian phoneme inventory, at most. But then we wouldn't have enough space for gismu.
Well, I'm not comparing Lojban with the natural languages, but with the "normal" constructed languages (Esperanto, Interlingua). But I understand, that there is no free lunch, Lojban is really worth it's difficulty.
ReplyDeleteBut I would have choosen a different set of phonemes. I think there are now no phonemes included in Lojban that are difficult for a native English speaker? I would have made Lojban a more vocalic language: diphthongs, long and short vowels.. a bit less consonats..
But I am going to live with and contribute the current Lojban any way! I am trying establish at least a small Lojban community to Finland. There is only Veijo Vilva, but I think he is no more active.
{x} (/x/) is tricky for most native English speakers I know, unless they also know German or something. If I'm not very careful, I usually end up replacing it with {'} (/h/) or, especially at the ends of words, {k} (/k/) But then, that is the only example I can think of. So it seems you have a very good point.
ReplyDelete.a'o Maybe you will find fun people to talk to. I think I might be just starting to wear down some of my friends to let me teach them some.
Are there any non-english learning materials available on the net? I'm interested especially in polish ones. And one more thing. I was looking for some examples of fluent lojban speech and I actually found none (there are few things on youtube but those are rather people reading some written text or repeating memorised texts (with much effort put in it), not people speaking or talking to each other, you know, just like that). Everyone just learns it or only tries to learn it. Noone actually use it as everyday spoken language, at least I couldn't find anyone. So, it makes me think that this language isn't as easy as you say. But maybe it's still very young language and just needs more time.
ReplyDeleteOne problem with Lojban is that not many people will take the time and trouble of learning a language that extremely few people speak. If it ever hits critical mass, it will grow. Getting to critical mass will be slow and painful.
ReplyDeleteAnother problem is that it is impossible to pun in Lojban (or so I would assume, based on this blog post), and yet the language is geared towards geeks (who are notorious for making "bad" puns).
That being said, I know there is always some Lojban content at Penguicon (www.penguicon.org) which is coming up the first weekend in May, so hopefully you can make it to that and maybe even inch the language closer to that critical mass by getting others interested ;-)
lo mumoi pagbu zo'u ienai la lojban ckaji so'usai karsna e so'u karsna remei gi'eku'i mutce melbi
ReplyDeleteItalian is ugly.
ReplyDeleteFor Slawomir,
ReplyDeleteThere is a Polish-language website at http://www.inf-el.com/si/lojban/, but it's limited in scope. Realistically, to learn lojban you have to know English!
With only a few hundred lojbanists scattered across the world, it's hardly surprising that it's not a spoken language. However, one lojbanist is experimenting with the Polish TTS program Ivona so atleast you can hear it spoken.
totus
This is a great reading.
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ReplyDeleteUnique features of Lojban remove constraints on language in the areas of logic, ambiguity, and expressive power, opening up areas of thought that have not been easily accessible by human language before. Meanwhile, the formal rigidity of the language definition allows speakers to carefully control their expressions (and therefore perhaps their thought processes).
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Everyone just learns it or only tries to learn it. Noone actually use it as everyday spoken language, at least I couldn't find anyone. So, it makes me think that this language isn't as easy as you say. But maybe it's still very young language and just needs more time
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ReplyDeleteGood work. Thanks a lot for post.
ReplyDeleteThe last reason is the heaviest one for me. I love Lojban!
ReplyDeleteI am learning it due to a mix of reasons 1, 4 and 7. 7 applies to most languages, and 4 could be said about a number of constructed languages. But reason 1 is just not seen in interlanguages.
ReplyDeletemi ca'o cilre la lojban mu'i le pavmoi joi vonmoi joi zelmoi mukti .i le zelmoimu'i cu srana so'a bangu .ije le vonmoimu'i cu srana so'i runbau .i ku'isa'u le pavmoimu'i cu na srana lei gugykucybau
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